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https://www.productionai.institute/graph/events/evt-aiid-1220

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Production AI Institute public record · AI Incident Database: LAMEHUG Malware Reportedly Integrates Large Language Model for Real-Time Command Generation in a Purported APT28-Linked Cyberattack · observed 2025-10-04
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AI Incident Database: LAMEHUG Malware Reportedly Integrates Large Language Model for Real-Time Command Generation in a Purported APT28-Linked Cyberattack

Ukraine's CERT-UA and Cato CTRL reported LAMEHUG, the first known malware to integrate a large language model (Qwen2.5-Coder-32B-Instruct via Hugging Face) for real-time command generation. Attributed with moderate confidence to APT28 (Fancy Bear), the malware reportedly targeted Ukrainian officials through phishing emails. The LLM is reported to have dynamically generated reconnaissance and data-exfiltration commands executed on infected systems.

AI Incident Database · Incident 1220

Operator lens (medium): inspect D1 (input boundary), D2 (output validation), D7 (tool permissions).

Confidence
82%
Sources
3
Entities
11
Detected
detected 286d ago

Event summary

Ukraine's CERT-UA and Cato CTRL reported LAMEHUG, the first known malware to integrate a large language model (Qwen2.5-Coder-32B-Instruct via Hugging Face) for real-time command generation. Attributed with moderate confidence to APT28 (Fancy Bear), the malware reportedly targeted Ukrainian officials through phishing emails. The LLM is reported to have dynamically generated reconnaissance and data-exfiltration commands executed on infected systems.

D1D2D7

Linked entities

  • hugging-face

    organisation | 70%

  • alibaba

    organisation | 70%

  • fancy-bear

    organisation | 70%

  • apt28

    organisation | 70%

  • ukrainian-government-officials

    organisation | 70%

  • ukrainian-government-ministries

    organisation | 70%

  • state-institutions-targeted-by-espionage-operations

    organisation | 70%

  • public-sector-information-systems

    organisation | 70%

  • national-cybersecurity-infrastructure-of-ukraine

    organisation | 70%

  • government-of-ukraine

    organisation | 70%

  • national-security-and-intelligence-stakeholders

    organisation | 70%

Related graph edges

EdgeTypeConfidence
ent-aiid-alibaba to ent-psf-d3maps to60%
ent-aiid-alibaba to ent-psf-d3maps to60%
ent-aiid-alibaba to ent-psf-d3maps to60%
ent-aiid-alibaba to ent-psf-d4maps to60%
ent-aiid-alibaba to ent-psf-d4maps to60%
ent-aiid-alibaba to ent-psf-d4maps to60%
ent-aiid-alibaba to ent-psf-d5maps to60%
ent-aiid-alibaba to ent-psf-d5maps to60%
ent-aiid-alibaba to ent-psf-d5maps to60%
ent-aiid-alibaba to ent-psf-d8maps to60%
ent-aiid-alibaba to ent-psf-d8maps to60%
ent-aiid-alibaba to ent-psf-d8maps to60%

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Event dates

  • Happened 10 July 2025

  • Detected 4 Oct 2025

Sources

  • AI Incident Database - Incident 1220

    secondary | checked 9 July 2026

    Open source
  • Cato CTRL™ Threat Research: Analyzing LAMEHUG – First Known LLM-Powered Malware with Links to APT28 (Fancy Bear)

    secondary | checked 4 Oct 2025

    Open source
  • Кібератаки UAC-0001 на сектор безпеки та оборони із застосуванням програмного засобу LAMEHUG, що використовує LLM (вели…

    secondary | checked 4 Oct 2025

    Open source
Cite this record

"AI Incident Database: LAMEHUG Malware Reportedly Integrates Large Language Model for Real-Time Command Generation in a Purported APT28-Linked Cyberattack." https://www.productionai.institute/graph/events/evt-aiid-1220 (observed 2025-07-10; retrieved 2026-07-17). PAI.

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